In collaboration with the Plaxco Group, we are developing new biosensors to monitor molecules in the body in real-time. We utilize electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) biosensors to perform real-time measurements in living subjects, including measurements in blood, interstitial fluid (subcutaneous space), and the brain. Applications for this technology include quantifying drug distribution across physiological compartments, enhancing applications for therapeutic drug monitoring, performing seconds-resolved, feedback-controlled drug delivery, and monitoring endogenous molecules such as neurotransmitters or biomarkers of health and disease.